An Appraisal of Nurses' Adherence to Patient Confidentiality in Kwara State University Teaching Hospital
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Background of the Study
Patient confidentiality is a cornerstone of medical ethics and healthcare practice. It refers to the obligation of healthcare providers to protect the privacy of patient information and ensure that such information is only shared with authorized individuals. Maintaining confidentiality is crucial for building trust between patients and healthcare providers, promoting open communication, and ensuring compliance with legal and ethical standards (Ogunbiyi et al., 2023). Nurses, as direct caregivers, have access to sensitive patient information and are in a position of great responsibility to uphold this principle.
In Kwara State University Teaching Hospital (KSUTH), nurses play a vital role in managing patient information and ensuring that patient confidentiality is maintained throughout their care journey. However, breaches of confidentiality can occur due to various factors, such as insufficient knowledge, inadequate policies, or external pressures. It is important to assess the extent of nurses' adherence to patient confidentiality policies at KSUTH, particularly in an era where technology and digital records are transforming the healthcare landscape.
This study seeks to evaluate nurses’ adherence to patient confidentiality at KSUTH, investigating how well they understand and apply confidentiality protocols in their daily practice. The findings will contribute to improving the overall standard of care and patient rights protection in the hospital.
Statement of the Problem
Patient confidentiality is critical to ensuring ethical and legal standards are upheld in healthcare. However, breaches in confidentiality can occur, often unintentionally, due to gaps in knowledge, inadequate training, or lack of awareness of current protocols. Nurses at Kwara State University Teaching Hospital may encounter challenges in maintaining patient confidentiality, potentially leading to legal repercussions and compromised patient trust. There is limited research on the adherence to confidentiality protocols by nurses in Nigerian hospitals, and this study aims to fill this gap by examining how nurses at KSUTH follow confidentiality guidelines and identifying areas for improvement.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess the level of nurses’ adherence to patient confidentiality protocols at Kwara State University Teaching Hospital.
- To evaluate the factors influencing nurses' adherence to patient confidentiality policies at KSUTH.
- To recommend strategies for improving nurses' adherence to confidentiality standards in KSUTH.
Research Questions
- What is the level of adherence to patient confidentiality protocols among nurses at KSUTH?
- What factors influence nurses' adherence to patient confidentiality at KSUTH?
- What strategies can be implemented to improve adherence to confidentiality standards among nurses at KSUTH?
Research Hypotheses
- Nurses with higher knowledge of patient confidentiality protocols are more likely to adhere to confidentiality standards.
- There is a significant relationship between the hospital’s policies on confidentiality and nurses' adherence to these policies.
- Inadequate training and lack of awareness significantly contribute to breaches in patient confidentiality at KSUTH.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on nurses at Kwara State University Teaching Hospital. Limitations include the potential for response biases in self-reported data, limited access to hospital records regarding confidentiality breaches, and the variability of adherence across different hospital departments.
Definitions of Terms
- Patient Confidentiality: The ethical and legal duty of healthcare providers to protect the privacy of patients’ health information.
- Adherence to Confidentiality: The extent to which nurses follow the established protocols and guidelines for maintaining patient confidentiality.
- Breaches of Confidentiality: Instances where patient information is disclosed without authorization or in violation of confidentiality agreements.
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